Specific gene alterations (mutations) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have been identified in different ethnic groups.
Among individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, researchers have found that about 2.3% (23 out of 1,000 persons) have an altered BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene. This frequency is about 5 times higher than that of the general population. However, it is still not known whether the increased frequency of these BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene alterations is responsible for the increased risk of breast cancer in Jewish populations, compared with non-Jewish populations.
Other ethnic and geographic populations, such as the Norwegian, Dutch, and Icelandic people, also have a higher rate of certain genetic alterations in BRCA1 and BRCA2.
If you are concerned about the possibility of having an abnormality in a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, see your doctor or a genetic counselor. Also, a woman who has found out that she has an alteration in a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene can consult her doctor to discuss medical options to reduce her risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer.
Of course, we cannot control our genetic make-up. However, many other risk factors for breast cancer are controllable. The key is to not allow yourself to be consumed with worry. A healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude help in maintaining wellness.
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